Glossary.

Acronym Quick-Index

Ctrl-F any acronym below to find its expansion immediately. The section number points to the full entry where the meaning, context, and category live.

1. Statutes & Case Law

CFAA — Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (18 U.S.C. § 1030)

Plain meaning. The federal anti-hacking statute. Makes it a crime to access a computer “without authorization” or in a way that “exceeds authorized access.” In this dossier. Referenced in About / Method when explaining why the project only scrapes pages a logged-out browser can already reach, and why circumventing a login wall is treated as out-of-scope. Category. [Statute]

CORA — Colorado Open Records Act (C.R.S. § 24-72-201 et seq.)

Plain meaning. Colorado’s public-records law. Anyone can request copies of most government records; the agency must respond within three working days and may charge limited fees. In this dossier. The mechanism behind Chapter 09 CORA Targets — every record the dossier wants but does not yet have is framed as a CORA request the author intends (or invites the public) to file. Category. [Statute]

C.R.S. § 24-6-202 — Colorado Open Meetings Law (“Sunshine Law”)

Plain meaning. Requires Colorado local governments to give public notice of meetings and to keep most discussions open. Executive sessions are narrow exceptions. In this dossier. Cited in Transcripts / CORA when discussing what council deliberations should have been on the public record vs. behind executive session. Category. [Statute]

C.R.S. § 38-30-113(1)(b) — Statement of Authority

Plain meaning. Colorado real-estate statute that lets an entity (LLC, partnership, etc.) record a public document saying who is authorized to sign on its behalf in property transactions. In this dossier. Cited in Documents / Property — Statements of Authority recorded by IA Franklin LLC and SPK Enterprises are part of the evidentiary chain showing who signed what. Category. [Statute]

DMCA — Digital Millennium Copyright Act, anti-circumvention (17 U.S.C. § 1201)

Plain meaning. Federal law that makes it illegal to bypass “technological measures” protecting copyrighted works (e.g., DRM). In this dossier. Referenced in About — used to explain why the project does not crack paywalls or strip protected content, even when a public-interest case might be argued. Category. [Statute]

Grants Pass v. Johnson (2024)

Plain meaning. U.S. Supreme Court decision holding that a city may enforce ordinances against public camping without violating the Eighth Amendment, even if no shelter beds are available. In this dossier. Cited in Transcripts as the legal backdrop councilors invoked when discussing Ord 6806’s anti-encampment provisions. Category. [Statute] (case law)

hiQ Labs v. LinkedIn

Plain meaning. Ninth Circuit decision (and subsequent proceedings) holding that scraping publicly accessible web pages does not, on its own, “access without authorization” under the CFAA. In this dossier. Cited in About / Method to support the project’s scope rule that it only collects pages already public to a logged-out browser. Category. [Statute] (case law)

Krupp v. Breckenridge Sanitation District (Colo. 2002)

Plain meaning. Colorado Supreme Court decision laying out the constitutional “rational nexus” test for development impact fees — fees must be reasonably related to the burden new development imposes. In this dossier. Cited in Overview / Money as the legal framework restricting how Fund 268 / Capital Expansion Fees can be spent. Category. [Statute] (case law)

LMC — Loveland Municipal Code (e.g., Ch. 7.39, Ch. 9.47)

Plain meaning. The codified ordinances of the City of Loveland. Numbered like state statutes (Chapter.Section). In this dossier. Specific chapters appear in Transcripts and Followup, e.g. LMC 7.39 / 9.47 governing the encampment / abatement provisions adopted via Ord 6806. Category. [Statute]

Measure 2F / Measure 2H (Loveland)

Plain meaning. Local Loveland ballot measures (years vary). 2F and 2H were tax or charter measures referred to voters; their full text and effect should be looked up in the city clerk’s records. In this dossier. Mentioned on the Index page alongside Measure 300 as part of the city’s fiscal context. Category. [Statute] (local ballot)

Measure 300 (Loveland, 2023)

Plain meaning. A 2023 Loveland ballot measure passed by voters; in the dossier’s framing, it altered the city’s funding posture going into the shelter debate. In this dossier. Anchor point at the start of the Timeline — the dossier’s chronology runs “from Measure 300 (2023) through the LRC closure (April 2026).” Category. [Statute] (local ballot)

TABOR — Taxpayer’s Bill of Rights (Colo. Const. art. X, § 20)

Plain meaning. Colorado constitutional amendment requiring voter approval for new taxes, debt, and revenue-keeping above formulaic caps; surplus revenue must be refunded unless voters “de-Bruce.” In this dossier. Cited in Overview / Method as the constraint that shapes which funds the city can move where, and why a sales-tax rebate or impact-fee re-routing is legally consequential. Category. [Statute]

Van Buren v. United States (2021)

Plain meaning. U.S. Supreme Court CFAA decision narrowing “exceeds authorized access” — accessing data you’re permitted to see, but for an improper purpose, is not by itself a federal crime. In this dossier. Cited in About / Method alongside hiQ to explain the project’s scraping-scope guardrails. Category. [Statute] (case law)

2. Ordinances & Resolutions (Loveland-specific)

Ord 6790

Plain meaning. A Loveland City Council ordinance; ordinance numbers are sequential. In this dossier. Referenced in Transcripts as part of the prior policy backdrop to Ord 6806/6807. Category. [Ordinance]

Ord 6803

Plain meaning. A Loveland City Council ordinance. In this dossier. Appears in Timeline / Money in the run-up to the shelter purchase debate. Category. [Ordinance]

Ord 6806

Plain meaning. A Loveland City Council ordinance. In this dossier. The anti-encampment / civil-abatement ordinance the dossier describes as passing 5-4 on 3 February 2026. Adds enforcement provisions to LMC Ch. 7.39 / 9.47. Category. [Ordinance]

Ord 6807

Plain meaning. A Loveland City Council ordinance. In this dossier. The supplemental-appropriation ordinance authorizing the $2.85 M shelter purchase at 599 W 71st St on 6 January 2026 — the deal the dossier reconstructs. Category. [Ordinance]

Ord 6822 / Ord 6823

Plain meaning. Subsequent Loveland ordinances. In this dossier. Appear in Transcripts / Rollcalls / Files as later council actions tracked by the dossier. Category. [Ordinance]

R-10-2026

Plain meaning. A Loveland City Council resolution (resolutions are non-codified policy acts, distinct from ordinances). In this dossier. The Realberry / Costco-area Business Assistance Agreement resolution the dossier describes as passing 8-1 on 17 February 2026, authorizing up to $125 M in sales-tax rebate over 25 years. Category. [Ordinance] (resolution)

R-98-2024

Plain meaning. A 2024 Loveland resolution. In this dossier. Referenced in Files / Followup as a prior policy action. Category. [Ordinance] (resolution)

3. Council & Parliamentary Procedure

Abstain / abstention

Plain meaning. A councilor present but choosing not to vote yes or no — usually recorded as “abstain.” In this dossier. Tracked in Rollcalls alongside yea/nay tallies. Category. [Council]

Conditional resignation

Plain meaning. A resignation that takes effect only if a stated condition occurs (e.g., “I resign effective when a successor is appointed”). In this dossier. Used in Recall to describe procedural moves by councilors during the recall sequence. Category. [Council]

Consent agenda / consent-style voting

Plain meaning. A bundle of routine items voted on together with a single motion, unless a councilor “pulls” an item for separate discussion. In this dossier. Noted in Rollcalls when distinguishing high-stakes recorded votes from bulk consent passages. Category. [Council]

Executive session

Plain meaning. A portion of a council meeting closed to the public, allowed only for narrow purposes (legal advice, real-estate negotiation, personnel) under C.R.S. § 24-6-402. In this dossier. Discussed in Transcripts and Centerra when reconstructing what could and could not legally have been deliberated behind closed doors. Category. [Council]

First reading / second reading

Plain meaning. Colorado home-rule ordinances typically must pass two separate meetings (“readings”) before becoming law. The first establishes the proposal; the second is the binding adoption vote. In this dossier. Used throughout Rollcalls and Videos to distinguish procedural from binding votes. Category. [Council]

FY — Fiscal Year

Plain meaning. A 12-month accounting period. The City of Loveland’s FY runs on the calendar year (Jan–Dec) for budgeting purposes. In this dossier. “FY 2026 Adopted Budget” is the document the dossier cites for the four new permanent police FTEs. Category. [Council]

Lone dissent

Plain meaning. A single councilor voting “no” while everyone else votes “yes” (an 8-1 split). In this dossier. Used to describe Councilor Sarah Rothberg’s vote against R-10-2026 on 17 February 2026. Category. [Council]

Motion to table

Plain meaning. A parliamentary motion to set an item aside, typically without a date certain to return to it. In this dossier. Tracked in Rollcalls where applicable. Category. [Council]

MPT — Mayor Pro Tem

Plain meaning. A councilor designated to chair meetings and act as mayor when the mayor is absent or recused. In this dossier. Used in Rollcalls and Leadership roll-call attributions. Category. [Council]

Public comment (period)

Plain meaning. A scheduled portion of a council meeting when members of the public may address the council on agenda or non-agenda items, typically under a time limit. In this dossier. Central to the Recall chapter — Gail Randall’s 17 February 2026 public-comment remarks are the predicate fact of Randall v. McFall. Category. [Council]

Recall (election)

Plain meaning. A Colorado mechanism (Colo. Const. art. XXI) by which voters in a district may petition to remove an elected official before the end of their term, triggering a special election. In this dossier. The driver of Chapter 07 — the Troy Krenning recall (2024-2025). Category. [Council]

Roll-call vote

Plain meaning. A vote in which each member’s name is called and their vote recorded individually, as opposed to a voice or hand vote. In this dossier. The unit of analysis in Chapter 13 Rollcalls. Category. [Council]

Rules of Procedure (council)

Plain meaning. A council’s internal procedural rulebook governing meeting order, public comment, recusal, etc. In this dossier. Referenced in Recall when discussing whether procedural moves complied with the council’s own rules. Category. [Council]

Severability (clause)

Plain meaning. A clause in an ordinance saying that if a court strikes down one part, the rest still stands. In this dossier. Noted in Rollcalls during discussion of Ord 6806 amendments. Category. [Council]

Special election

Plain meaning. An election held outside the regular cycle, often triggered by a recall, vacancy, or referred ballot measure. In this dossier. Used in Recall in connection with the Krenning recall procedure. Category. [Council]

Supplemental appropriation

Plain meaning. A council action that adds spending authority beyond what was in the adopted budget, mid-year, for a newly identified purpose. Requires ordinance form in most Colorado cities. In this dossier. The legal vehicle of Ord 6807 — the $2.85 M shelter-purchase money was a supplemental appropriation from Fund 268. Category. [Council]

Ward

Plain meaning. A geographic district within a city; in Loveland, council seats are elected by ward. In this dossier. “Ward 2 resident Gail Randall” identifies her constituency, relevant to her standing to address council. Category. [Council]

Yea / nay

Plain meaning. Recorded “yes” and “no” votes by individual councilors. In this dossier. The primary data points in Chapter 13 Rollcalls. Category. [Council]

4. Real Estate & Recording

Articles of Amendment

Plain meaning. A filing with the Secretary of State changing something about a registered entity — name, registered agent, management structure. In this dossier. The 9 January 2026 filing renaming McWhinney Real Estate Services LLC → Realberry Real Estate Services LLC is an Articles of Amendment cited as primary evidence. Category. [Real Estate] / [Corp]

Articles of Dissolution

Plain meaning. The filing that formally winds up a registered entity. In this dossier. Appears in Property in the chain-of-title analysis where predecessor entities were dissolved. Category. [Corp]

Articles of Incorporation / Organization

Plain meaning. The founding document filed with the Secretary of State when a corporation (incorporation) or LLC (organization) is created. In this dossier. Cited in Files for the founding records of the entities in the documented loop. Category. [Corp]

Comparable sale (“comp”)

Plain meaning. A recent sale of a similar nearby property, used to estimate market value. In this dossier. Used in Property to evaluate whether the $2.85 M offer was within the market range for a vacant warehouse at 599 W 71st St. Category. [Real Estate]

Deed of Trust

Plain meaning. The recorded document that secures a loan against real property in Colorado. Functionally equivalent to a mortgage in other states. In this dossier. Appears in Documents and Players tracing which lenders held security on which parcels. Category. [Real Estate]

Earnest money

Plain meaning. A deposit a buyer puts up at contract signing to show commitment; usually refundable only under stated contingencies. In this dossier. Mentioned in Transcripts during contract discussion. Category. [Real Estate]

Market value (assessor’s actual value)

Plain meaning. The Larimer County Assessor’s published estimate of what a property would sell for on the open market, used for property-tax purposes. In this dossier. $2,399,900 for 599 W 71st St; the dossier uses the assessor’s number as one of the “four numbers” anchoring the price-arithmetic argument. Category. [Real Estate]

Parcel number (e.g., 9626124001)

Plain meaning. A unique identifier the county assigns to a discrete piece of land. Stable across owners. In this dossier. Parcel 9626124001 is 599 W 71st St; Parcel 504 references appear in Centerra. Category. [Real Estate]

Quitclaim Deed

Plain meaning. A deed conveying whatever interest the grantor has (which may be nothing), without warranties. In this dossier. Appears in the Property chain-of-title analysis. Category. [Real Estate]

Rational-nexus test

Plain meaning. The constitutional standard (in Colorado, Krupp) requiring that a development impact fee be reasonably related to the burdens new development creates on city infrastructure. In this dossier. The legal frame for why Fund 268 / CEF revenue cannot freely be repurposed. Category. [Real Estate] / [Finance]

Reception number (recpt #)

Plain meaning. A sequential ID the county recorder stamps on each recorded instrument as it is filed. The canonical “primary key” for a recorded document. In this dossier. Used throughout Property / Documents — e.g., recpt #20210116998 for the IA Franklin acquisition deed — so the underlying record can be re-pulled at the county recorder. Category. [Real Estate]

Schedule number (e.g., 1603780)

Plain meaning. An identifier the county treasurer assigns to a tax account associated with a parcel. In this dossier. Used to look up assessor / treasurer records for the property. Category. [Real Estate]

Special Warranty Deed

Plain meaning. A deed where the seller warrants the title only against problems that arose during the seller’s own ownership — narrower than a full general warranty. In this dossier. The deed type by which IA Franklin LLC acquired 599 W 71st St on 28 December 2021. Category. [Real Estate]

Statement of Authority (recorded)

Plain meaning. Under C.R.S. § 38-30-113, an entity records this to publicly identify who can sign deeds and contracts on its behalf. In this dossier. Statements of Authority for IA Franklin LLC and SPK Enterprises LLC are foundational records in the Documents chapter. Category. [Real Estate]

5. Corporate & Nonprofit Forms

501(c)(3)

Plain meaning. A federally tax-exempt charitable nonprofit. Donations are deductible; lobbying is sharply limited; campaign activity is prohibited. In this dossier. Bridge House and Krucial Rapid Response are referenced in this register; their Form 990 filings are the data source. Category. [Corp]

501(c)(4)

Plain meaning. A federally tax-exempt social-welfare nonprofit. Donations are not deductible; political activity is permitted as long as it is not the organization’s primary purpose. In this dossier. Mentioned in Players / Timeline in the donor-network analysis. Category. [Corp]

Arms-length (transaction)

Plain meaning. A transaction between parties with no special relationship, each acting in their own interest. The legal baseline for a “fair” deal. In this dossier. Used as the contrast term in Centerra: the E&Y audit’s flagged transactions were the opposite of arms-length. Category. [Corp]

CEO / COO / CFO

Plain meaning. Chief Executive / Operating / Financial Officer — standard corporate officer roles. In this dossier. Used in officer attributions across Players (e.g., Brian Waldes as CFO). Category. [Corp]

EIN — Employer Identification Number

Plain meaning. The IRS’s nine-digit tax ID for an entity. The corporate equivalent of an SSN. In this dossier. Used to disambiguate entities with similar names; cited in 990-lookups. Category. [Corp]

Foreign entity

Plain meaning. An entity registered in one state doing business in another. The “foreign” state is the one it’s not organized in. In this dossier. Relevant where Wisconsin- or out-of-state-organized entities transact in Colorado. Category. [Corp]

Good standing

Plain meaning. An entity that has filed all required periodic reports and paid all fees, per the Secretary of State’s records. In this dossier. Status checked on TRACER and SOS pages for each entity in Players. Category. [Corp]

LLC — Limited Liability Company

Plain meaning. A business form combining limited personal liability with partnership-style pass-through taxation. Owners are “members.” In this dossier. The most common form among the entities the dossier maps (IA Franklin LLC, SPK Enterprises LLC, Centerra Properties West LLC, etc.). Category. [Corp]

LLP — Limited Liability Partnership

Plain meaning. A partnership form where individual partners are shielded from each other’s malpractice / wrongful acts. In this dossier. Investors Associated LLP (“IA-LLP”) is the parent partnership of IA Franklin LLC. Category. [Corp]

NTEE — National Taxonomy of Exempt Entities

Plain meaning. The IRS classification code system for nonprofits (e.g., L20 = housing). In this dossier. Used in Players / Timeline when reading 990s to classify nonprofit type. Category. [Corp]

Form 990 (IRS)

Plain meaning. The annual information return tax-exempt nonprofits must file with the IRS, public by statute. Discloses revenue, executive compensation, related-party transactions, and grants. In this dossier. The data source for Bridge House and KRR figures; pulled via ProPublica Nonprofit Explorer. Category. [Corp]

Registered agent

Plain meaning. A person or service entity designated in state filings to receive legal service of process on behalf of an entity. Their address is public. In this dossier. Used to cross-link otherwise opaque LLCs to common principals. Category. [Corp]

Related-party transaction

Plain meaning. A transaction between an entity and someone with influence over it — an insider, board member, controlled affiliate, or family member. Subject to special disclosure and approval rules. In this dossier. Central finding of the E&Y audit cited in Executive / Centerra / Money. Category. [Corp]

Recusal

Plain meaning. Stepping out of a decision because of a personal interest or appearance of conflict. May be required by ordinance, code of ethics, or fiduciary duty. In this dossier. Used in Players / Centerra / Leadership when discussing district-board decisions involving affiliated entities. Category. [Corp] / [Council]

Sole-member LLC

Plain meaning. An LLC with a single owner. Often used as a property-holding shell beneath a parent partnership. In this dossier. Common structure for the IA-LLP / IA Franklin LLC stack. Category. [Corp]

6. Public Finance & Funds

ACFR — Annual Comprehensive Financial Report

Plain meaning. A government’s audited year-end financial report, prepared to GASB standards. The authoritative public picture of city finances. In this dossier. Cited in Timeline / Money as the source for fund balances. Category. [Finance]

AP — accounts payable (AP check vs. warrant)

Plain meaning. Money the city owes for goods or services already received. “Check” and “warrant” are two payment instruments cities use. In this dossier. Discussed in Followup in the context of vendor-payment records being requested. Category. [Finance]

Bond debt / debt service

Plain meaning. Money a government has borrowed by issuing bonds, and the annual principal-and-interest payments on those bonds. In this dossier. Relevant in Money / Centerra to the structure of district financing. Category. [Finance]

Capital Expansion Fee (CEF)

Plain meaning. A fee Loveland charges new development to pay for capacity expansion in city infrastructure. Categorized as an impact fee, governed by the rational-nexus rule. In this dossier. The money in Fund 268. The dossier’s argument hinges on whether shelter-acquisition is a permitted use of restricted CEF revenue. Category. [Finance]

CFAC — Citizens’ Finance Advisory Commission

Plain meaning. A volunteer Loveland advisory body that reviews city finances and makes recommendations to council. In this dossier. Cited in Money / Followup in the budget-process trail. Category. [Finance]

Fund 100 / 120 / 265 / 268 / 270

Plain meaning. Numbered accounting “funds” within city finances, each restricted to a category of purpose. The numbers are Loveland’s internal codes. In this dossier.

• Fund 100 — General Fund.
• Fund 120 — referenced in Timeline.
• Fund 265 / 270 — additional restricted funds in the budget reconciliation.
• Fund 268 — the Capital Expansion Fee (CEF) fund, the disputed money source for Ord 6807. Category. [Finance]

General Fund (Fund 100)

Plain meaning. The city’s main unrestricted operating fund, into which most general tax revenue flows and out of which most operations are paid. In this dossier. The fund that absorbed the General Fund swap discussed in Money — moving money around to free CEF dollars. Category. [Finance]

Impact fee (development impact fee)

Plain meaning. A one-time charge on new development to fund the public infrastructure that development necessitates. Constrained by Krupp. In this dossier. The generic category to which the CEF belongs. Category. [Finance]

Mill levy

Plain meaning. A property-tax rate expressed in “mills” (1 mill = $1 per $1,000 of taxable value). Districts and cities each set their own mill levies. In this dossier. Relevant to Centerra / Money — how the Centerra Metro District funds itself. Category. [Finance] / [District]

P-card (purchasing card)

Plain meaning. A government-issued credit card for low-dollar staff purchases, with internal review. In this dossier. Discussed in Followup as a class of records under request. Category. [Finance]

Public Improvement Contribution (PIC)

Plain meaning. A district-imposed surcharge collected at the point of sale, dedicated to a public-improvement obligation. In this dossier. A component of how Centerra’s retail revenue gets directed; defined in the Centerra chapter. Category. [Finance]

Public Improvement Fee (PIF)

Plain meaning. A privately-imposed fee, charged at retail, that funds bond debt or other district obligations. Looks like a tax to the shopper but is contractually a private fee. In this dossier. Discussed in Centerra in the district-financing analysis. Category. [Finance]

Sales-tax rebate / Business Assistance Agreement (BAA)

Plain meaning. A contract by which a city agrees to refund some portion of the sales tax generated at a specific store back to the developer or anchor tenant, for a stated period and cap. In this dossier. R-10-2026 is the rebate vehicle, up to $125 M over 25 years, with Realberry as the counter-party. Category. [Finance]

Supplemental appropriation

Plain meaning. See Section 3 (Council & Parliamentary). Repeated here because the term straddles council procedure and public finance. Category. [Finance] / [Council]

TIF — Tax Increment Financing

Plain meaning. A financing tool used by URAs and similar bodies: the increase in property tax revenue from a redeveloped area is captured and used to repay bonds for the redevelopment, rather than going to general government. In this dossier. Relevant to Centerra in the district / URA financing context. Category. [Finance]

1099 disclosure

Plain meaning. The IRS form an entity files to report payments to non-employee contractors (≥ $600/year). In this dossier. Referenced in Followup as a record class. Category. [Finance]

7. Special Districts, URA, and Public-Improvement Financing

CMD — Centerra Metropolitan District (No. 1, etc.)

Plain meaning. Title-32 metropolitan district(s) overlaying the Centerra development; they can levy mill levies, issue bonds, and contract for public improvements within their boundaries. In this dossier. The entities whose related-party spending the E&Y audit examined (Centerra / Money). Category. [District]

CPW — Centerra Properties West LLC

Plain meaning. A Colorado LLC affiliated with the McWhinney/Realberry corporate family. In this dossier. Identified as the single largest donor ($9,000) to the Strong Colorado IEC (Players / Money). Category. [District] / [Entity]

LURA — Loveland Urban Renewal Authority

Plain meaning. Loveland’s URA — a quasi-independent public body that can issue bonds, exercise eminent domain in renewal areas, and enter into TIF agreements. In this dossier. Appears in Executive / Money / Followup in the financing-structure discussion. Category. [District]

Master Facility Agreement / Master Financing Agreement (MFA)

Plain meaning. A long-form contract between a developer and a city or district laying out who builds what, who pays for what, and which revenue streams secure which bonds. In this dossier. Cited in Centerra as the document type framing the district’s obligations. Category. [District]

Metropolitan district (Title 32)

Plain meaning. A type of Colorado special district authorized by Title 32, organized to finance and operate public improvements (streets, parks, water) within a defined area, typically a new development. Funded by mill levies and PIFs/PICs. In this dossier. Centerra Metropolitan District No. 1 is the dossier’s primary example. Category. [District]

Service plan

Plain meaning. The originating document for a Colorado metropolitan district, approved by the underlying city; sets the district’s purposes, debt limits, and mill-levy caps. In this dossier. Referenced as the governing document for what CMD No. 1 can lawfully do. Category. [District]

URA — Urban Renewal Authority

Plain meaning. A Colorado public body (one per city that chooses to form one) empowered to declare blight, redevelop urban areas, and finance projects via TIF. In this dossier. Generic term; LURA is the Loveland instance. Category. [District]

8. Campaign Finance

527 (organization)

Plain meaning. A federal tax classification (IRC § 527) for political organizations. Many state-level campaign committees are also “527s” for federal-tax purposes. In this dossier. A classifier sometimes applied to IECs in the Players network analysis. Category. [Campaign]

IE — Independent Expenditure

Plain meaning. Money spent expressly advocating for or against a candidate, made without coordination with that candidate’s campaign. In this dossier. The activity reported on TRACER by IECs in the recall. Category. [Campaign]

IEC — Independent Expenditure Committee

Plain meaning. A Colorado committee registered to make independent expenditures. Must register with the Secretary of State, file periodic reports, and disclose donors. In this dossier. Strong Colorado IEC, NoCo Reboot IEC, and Justice for Jason IEC are the three the dossier maps. Category. [Campaign]

In-kind contribution

Plain meaning. A non-cash donation valued in dollars — a donated mailing list, a free office, consulting hours. In this dossier. Tracked alongside cash contributions on TRACER filings. Category. [Campaign]

Registered agent (of committee)

Plain meaning. The natural person designated to receive legal service on behalf of a committee; their name and address are public. In this dossier. Used to link IECs to common operators. Category. [Campaign]

TRACER — Colorado’s campaign-finance disclosure system

Plain meaning. The Secretary of State’s online portal and bulk-data system for Colorado campaign-finance filings — committee registrations, contributions, expenditures. In this dossier. The primary data source for Players / Recall donor-network analysis. Category. [Campaign]

Treasurer (committee)

Plain meaning. The officer responsible for a committee’s financial records and TRACER filings; personally liable for non-compliance in some respects. In this dossier. Names tracked in the IEC registrations. Category. [Campaign]

9. Audit & Forensic Terms

Agreed-upon procedures

Plain meaning. An audit engagement where the auditor performs specific tests requested by the client and reports findings, without expressing an overall opinion on the financial statements. In this dossier. The form the E&Y engagement appears to have taken; explains why the report makes targeted findings rather than a “clean opinion” / “qualified opinion” judgment. Category. [Audit]

Bid abstract

Plain meaning. A staff document summarizing all bids received in response to a solicitation, with prices and key terms. In this dossier. A class of record E&Y examined when assessing bid compliance. Category. [Audit]

Competitive bidding

Plain meaning. A procurement process requiring open solicitation, sealed bids, and award to the responsive low bidder above a dollar threshold. In this dossier. Counter-factual to the audit’s “non-bid spending” finding. Category. [Audit]

Cost-of-service study

Plain meaning. An analysis estimating the actual cost a utility or service provider incurs to serve specific customer classes; used to justify rates and fees. In this dossier. Mentioned in Centerra in the rate-setting / district context. Category. [Audit]

Financial close

Plain meaning. The end-of-period accounting process: reconcile, accrue, post adjusting entries, lock the books. In this dossier. Audit-trail term in Centerra. Category. [Audit]

Forensic audit

Plain meaning. An audit oriented to detecting and documenting financial irregularities, not just expressing an opinion. Output is usually a narrative report with exhibits. In this dossier. What the dossier calls the E&Y product covering Centerra Metropolitan District spending. Category. [Audit]

GL — General Ledger (transaction)

Plain meaning. The master accounting record of every transaction. A “GL transaction” is one journal entry within it. In this dossier. The granularity at which E&Y examined CMD spending. Category. [Audit]

Invoice coding

Plain meaning. The act of assigning each invoice to an account code, project, and approver. Errors or overrides here are the easiest path to misclassified spending. In this dossier. A control point E&Y scrutinized. Category. [Audit]

Non-bid spending / sole-source

Plain meaning. A procurement where no competitive process was run — either because the law allows it (sole-source, emergency) or because process was bypassed. In this dossier. The audit’s $6.2 M figure refers to non-bid spending in this sense. Category. [Audit]

Phase I / Phase II (audit deliverable)

Plain meaning. A staged audit engagement: Phase I is typically scoping / preliminary findings; Phase II is deeper investigation if Phase I surfaces concerns. In this dossier. The structure of the E&Y engagement as described in Centerra. Category. [Audit]

Related-party payment

Plain meaning. A payment from an entity to a person or company with influence over it (or controlled by the same parent). May be legitimate, but requires disclosure and conflict-of-interest controls. In this dossier. The $4.9 M+ figure cited from the E&Y report. Category. [Audit]

Vendor stack

Plain meaning. Colloquial — the recurring set of contractors/consultants a given agency or district pays. In this dossier. Used informally in Players / Followup. Category. [Audit]

10. Litigation Terms

Bates number (Bates stamp)

Plain meaning. A sequential ID stamped on every page of a discovery production so each page has a unique reference (e.g., DEF-000123). In this dossier. Referenced in Files in connection with exhibit organization. Category. [Litigation]

Declaratory relief

Plain meaning. A court order declaring the legal rights of the parties, without (necessarily) ordering anyone to pay damages. In this dossier. A typical request in §1983 First Amendment suits like Randall v. McFall. Category. [Litigation]

EFTA exhibits

Plain meaning. “EFTA” here is the dossier’s local shorthand for an exhibit set; treat as the file’s own internal label rather than a recognized statutory acronym. In this dossier. Appears in Centerra / Files in the discovery context. Category. [Litigation]

First Amendment retaliation / viewpoint discrimination

Plain meaning. Government action that punishes or restricts speech based on the speaker’s viewpoint, rather than time/place/manner. Strictly scrutinized under the First Amendment. In this dossier. The legal theory of Gail Randall’s complaint after Mayor McFall cut off her public-comment remarks on 17 February 2026. Category. [Litigation]

Preliminary injunction

Plain meaning. A court order, issued before final judgment, requiring (or forbidding) action to preserve the status quo while the case is litigated. Requires showing likelihood of success and irreparable harm. In this dossier. Mentioned in Centerra / Followup in the litigation chronology. Category. [Litigation]

Settlement agreement

Plain meaning. A contract resolving a lawsuit; may be public or, less often, sealed. In this dossier. A record class tracked in Files. Category. [Litigation]

§1983 — 42 U.S.C. § 1983

Plain meaning. The federal civil-rights statute under which a person can sue a state or local government official for violating their constitutional rights. In this dossier. The vehicle a First Amendment viewpoint-discrimination suit (like Randall v. McFall) is brought under. Category. [Litigation]

TRO — Temporary Restraining Order

Plain meaning. A very-short-term court order, often issued ex parte (without the other side present), to preserve the status quo until a preliminary-injunction hearing can be held. In this dossier. Tracked alongside preliminary injunctions in Followup. Category. [Litigation]

Verified complaint

Plain meaning. A complaint that is sworn to under oath by the plaintiff; carries evidentiary weight beyond an unverified pleading. In this dossier. Cited in Recall in the context of recall procedures. Category. [Litigation]

11. OSINT Tradecraft

Archive-first

Plain meaning. The discipline of saving a snapshot of every cited URL (e.g., via the Wayback Machine) before publishing — so that if the source later disappears, the citation is still verifiable. In this dossier. A documented part of the dossier’s Method chapter. Category. [OSINT]

CORA target

Plain meaning. A record the project does not yet have, but believes exists in a Colorado government file and is reachable by a CORA request. In this dossier. The full list lives in Chapter 09. Category. [OSINT]

Deed chain

Plain meaning. The sequence of recorded conveyances that establishes the ownership history of a parcel, back through prior owners. In this dossier. Reconstructed for 599 W 71st St in Property / Documents. Category. [OSINT]

Entity resolution

Plain meaning. Determining whether two name variants (“McWhinney Real Estate Services LLC” and “Realberry Real Estate Services LLC”, or “IA Franklin LLC” and “Investors Associated LLP”) refer to the same underlying party. In this dossier. Foundational discipline for the Players network. Category. [OSINT]

HUMINT — Human Intelligence

Plain meaning. Information derived from people (interviews, tips, walk-ins), as distinct from public records. In this dossier. Mentioned in About as out-of-scope for this project — the dossier is strictly OSINT. Category. [OSINT]

Link rot

Plain meaning. The decay of URLs over time as pages are moved or deleted. Mitigated by archive-first practice. In this dossier. Discussed in About as the reason for local-mirror archiving. Category. [OSINT]

Primary source

Plain meaning. An original record (deed, filing, vote, transcript), as opposed to a secondary report about it (a news article describing the deed). In this dossier. The dossier’s stated evidentiary baseline: “primary recorded instruments and entity filings rather than secondary reporting.” Category. [OSINT]

Request-shape matching / TLS profile matching

Plain meaning. Techniques anti-bot systems use to fingerprint clients — checking HTTP header order, TLS handshake fingerprints (JA3/JA4), and other request features. Evasion involves mimicking a real browser’s profile (e.g., Chrome 146). In this dossier. Discussed in About in the context of how the project accesses public records reliably without being soft-blocked. Category. [OSINT]

Source tiering (T0–T3)

Plain meaning. A grading system for evidence: T0 signed/sealed primary record; T1 primary record on an official portal; T2 secondary reporting; T3 inference. The higher the tier (lower the number), the stronger the citation. In this dossier. Discussed in Method and operationalized via the osint-source-tiering analytical skill. Category. [OSINT]

Triangulation (two-source rule)

Plain meaning. Confirming a load-bearing fact (date, dollar amount, vote count) against at least two independent sources before treating it as established. In this dossier. Used wherever the dossier asserts a number; conflicts are flagged. Category. [OSINT]

Wayback Machine

Plain meaning. The Internet Archive’s URL-snapshot service at web.archive.org. The de-facto public archive of the web. In this dossier. The default destination for archive-first snapshots of cited URLs. Category. [OSINT]

wget –mirror

Plain meaning. A command-line option that downloads a site recursively to a local directory, preserving structure — used for local archival of public sites that may go offline. In this dossier. Mentioned in About in the local-mirror strategy. Category. [OSINT]

12. Source-Type Labels (the dossier’s own taxonomy)

These five labels appear as small tags on every citation in the dossier’s primary-source blocks.

court

Plain meaning. A filing in a court of law — complaint, motion, order, docket entry. In this dossier. Tags entries like the Randall v. McFall complaint. Category. [Source-Tag]

data

Plain meaning. A structured dataset or query result, typically machine-readable (CSV, JSON, bulk filings). In this dossier. Tags TRACER bulk data, GIS records, etc. Category. [Source-Tag]

filing

Plain meaning. An official government record filed with an agency — meeting agenda, ordinance text, budget document. In this dossier. The most common tag; covers CivicWeb voting results and city budget docs. Category. [Source-Tag]

press

Plain meaning. A news article or other reporting by a media outlet. Treated as secondary in the dossier’s hierarchy. In this dossier. Tags Reporter-Herald, BizWest, Ballotpedia entries. Category. [Source-Tag]

registry

Plain meaning. A filing in a public registry — Secretary of State entity record, county recorder document. In this dossier. Tags SOS Articles of Amendment, county-recorder deeds. Category. [Source-Tag]

video

Plain meaning. Recorded video of a public event, with timecode references. In this dossier. Tags Cablecast meeting archives and local MP4s. Category. [Source-Tag]

13. Local & Civic Infrastructure (where records live)

Ballotpedia

Plain meaning. A non-profit online encyclopedia of U.S. elections and political officials. Often a useful aggregator but is itself a secondary source. In this dossier. Cited in Recall / Sources. Category. [Infra]

BizWest

Plain meaning. A Northern Colorado regional business-news outlet. In this dossier. Cited in Players / Centerra for rebrand reporting. Category. [Infra]

Cablecast (and show numbers #628, #635, #656, #669, #686)

Plain meaning. A municipal-video software/platform that hosts recordings of city meetings; each meeting gets a numeric “show” ID. In this dossier. The source of the council-meeting videos and timecodes used in Videos and Transcripts. Category. [Infra]

CivicWeb

Plain meaning. A vendor portal cities use to publish agendas, minutes, voting results, and supporting documents. In this dossier. The Loveland CivicWeb portal is the primary source for every council-meeting document linked from Sources / Files. Category. [Infra]

Colorado Secretary of State (CO SOS)

Plain meaning. The state office maintaining entity registrations, campaign-finance filings (TRACER), and elections records. In this dossier. Source of Articles of Amendment, IEC registrations, etc. Category. [Infra]

KFKA

Plain meaning. A Greeley/Northern Colorado AM radio station. In this dossier. Cited as a press source in Documents. Category. [Infra]

Landmarkweb

Plain meaning. The Larimer County recorder’s online portal for searching recorded land documents. In this dossier. Mentioned in Method as the access path for deed pulls. Category. [Infra]

Larimer County Assessor / Recorder / Clerk

Plain meaning. Three distinct county offices: Assessor (property valuation), Recorder (recorded documents — deeds, liens), Clerk (elections, marriage licenses, vehicle). In this dossier. The three offices the dossier most often draws records from. Category. [Infra]

Larimer GIS REST

Plain meaning. A public API exposing the county’s Geographic Information System data — parcel boundaries, ownership, valuation — in JSON. In this dossier. Used in Method for programmatic parcel lookups. Category. [Infra]

Loveland Reporter-Herald

Plain meaning. The daily newspaper of Loveland, Colorado. In this dossier. Cited in Centerra / Recall / Sources as a press source. Category. [Infra]

OpenGov

Plain meaning. A SaaS transparency / budgeting platform some Colorado cities (including Loveland) use to publish financial data. In this dossier. Referenced in Followup as a potential source for spending detail. Category. [Infra]

PACER — Public Access to Court Electronic Records

Plain meaning. The U.S. federal-court records system. Per-page fees apply. In this dossier. Mentioned in Documents for any federal-court records (e.g., §1983 suits). Category. [Infra]

ProPublica Nonprofit Explorer

Plain meaning. ProPublica’s free interface to IRS Form 990 filings — the easiest place to read a nonprofit’s audited returns. In this dossier. Source for Bridge House and KRR 990 numbers. Category. [Infra]

SAP / Tyler (municipal ERP systems)

Plain meaning. Enterprise software systems some cities use for general-ledger accounting (SAP — Loveland’s prior platform; Tyler — a common municipal replacement). In this dossier. Discussed in Followup in the context of which records would exist in which system and which can be exported. Category. [Infra]

whisper.cpp

Plain meaning. An open-source local implementation of OpenAI’s Whisper speech-to-text model. Runs offline; produces VTT or text transcripts. In this dossier. The tool used to transcribe Cablecast meeting videos in Transcripts and Videos. Category. [Infra]

VTT — Web Video Text Track

Plain meaning. A subtitle-file format with timecodes; the standard output for web-embedded captions. In this dossier. The transcript format the dossier publishes alongside MP4s. Category. [Infra]

14. Site-Specific Shortcuts (the dossier’s own framing terms)

Bloc-5 majority

Plain meaning. The dossier’s shorthand for the five-member Loveland City Council voting bloc that has formed the majority on the votes the dossier tracks. In this dossier. A descriptive label, not a formal caucus name. See Leadership for member attribution. Category. [Shortcut]

Sanctuary-4 minority

Plain meaning. The dossier’s shorthand for the four-member minority on the same votes. In this dossier. A descriptive label, paired with “bloc-5.” See Leadership. Category. [Shortcut]

“The documented loop”

Plain meaning. The dossier’s framing term for the recurring money/political/policy circuit it reconstructs: donor → committee → recall → council majority → policy action → benefit returning to the donor. In this dossier. Visualized as the Fig. 1 flowchart on the Index page; the dossier explicitly disclaims any allegation of personal criminal conduct. Category. [Shortcut]

“Light-Kovacs flip”

Plain meaning. The dossier’s label for a specific roll-call vote on which Councilor Light-Kovacs voted differently from a previously-expressed position. In this dossier. Tracked in Rollcalls / Videos. Like “bloc-5,” this is a dossier shorthand, not a formal term. Category. [Shortcut]

“The four numbers”

Plain meaning. The dossier’s framing of the price arithmetic on 599 W 71st St: acquisition price ($2.025 M), assessor value ($2.40 M), offered price ($2.85 M), premium over assessor ($450,100). In this dossier. Anchors the Index page argument. Category. [Shortcut]

15. Entities (private companies, committees, nonprofits)

Bridge House

Plain meaning. A 501(c)(3) homeless-services nonprofit operating in Colorado. In this dossier. The would-be operator of the contemplated shelter; its withdrawal letter ended the Ord 6807 transaction. Category. [Entity]

Centerra Metropolitan District No. 1

Plain meaning. A Title-32 Colorado metropolitan district overlaying part of the Centerra development. In this dossier. The entity whose related-party spending was the focus of the E&Y audit. Category. [Entity] / [District]

Centerra Properties West LLC (CPW)

Plain meaning. A Colorado LLC affiliated with the McWhinney/Realberry corporate family. In this dossier. Single largest donor ($9,000) to the Strong Colorado IEC per TRACER. Category. [Entity]

Centerra Retail Sales Fee Corp / Public Improvement Collection Corporation

Plain meaning. Specialized district-finance entities that collect retail PIFs/PICs and remit to the bond trustees. In this dossier. Discussed in Centerra in the financing-structure breakdown. Category. [Entity]

Fossil Point LLC

Plain meaning. A Colorado LLC associated with the broader Investors-Associated entity family. In this dossier. Appears in Players in the entity map. Category. [Entity]

IA Franklin LLC

Plain meaning. A sole-purpose Colorado LLC holding title to 599 W 71st St; sole-member of IA-LLP. In this dossier. The seller in the contemplated Ord 6807 transaction; acquired the property on 28 December 2021 for $2.025 M. Category. [Entity]

Investors Associated LLP (IA-LLP / IA)

Plain meaning. A Colorado limited liability partnership; the parent entity above several sole-purpose LLCs including IA Franklin LLC. In this dossier. Mapped as the holding partnership in Players; principals include Michael D. Schutte (CEO/Managing Partner) and Patrick F. Carroll (President). Category. [Entity]

Journey Homes

Plain meaning. A Colorado homebuilder. In this dossier. Appears in Players in the broader business-relationship map. Category. [Entity]

Justice for Jason IEC

Plain meaning. A Colorado Independent Expenditure Committee registered on TRACER. In this dossier. One of three IECs in the Players / Money donor-network analysis. Category. [Entity]

KRR — Krucial Rapid Response Inc.

Plain meaning. A Colorado nonprofit organization. In this dossier. Appears in Players / Documents as part of the shelter-operations service network. Category. [Entity]

Land Title Guarantee Company

Plain meaning. A Colorado title-insurance and closing-services company. In this dossier. The closing agent referenced in Documents / Followup for relevant transactions. Category. [Entity]

LRC — Loveland Resource Center

Plain meaning. A Loveland-area shelter / day-services facility. In this dossier. Its April-2026 closure is the dossier Timeline’s end point. Category. [Entity]

McWhinney Real Estate Services LLC → Realberry Real Estate Services LLC

Plain meaning. A long-standing Colorado real-estate development firm. Renamed to Realberry via a 9 January 2026 Articles of Amendment. In this dossier. The corporate counter-party to R-10-2026 (the BAA / sales-tax rebate). Category. [Entity]

NoCo Reboot IEC

Plain meaning. A Colorado Independent Expenditure Committee. In this dossier. One of the three IECs in the donor-network analysis. Category. [Entity]

Pinnacle Consulting Group Inc.

Plain meaning. A Colorado district-management / municipal-consulting firm. In this dossier. Appears in Players / Centerra / Money in the vendor stack. Category. [Entity]

Polifi LLC

Plain meaning. A Colorado LLC. In this dossier. Appears in Recall in the campaign-services network. Category. [Entity]

SPK Enterprises LLC

Plain meaning. A Colorado LLC. In this dossier. Holder / counter-party in the Property / Documents chain of title; manager Allen Schultz. Category. [Entity]

Strong Colorado IEC

Plain meaning. A Colorado Independent Expenditure Committee (CO ID 20245047480). In this dossier. The IEC that funded the Krenning recall, per TRACER; CPW was its single largest donor. Category. [Entity]

The Group Inc.

Plain meaning. A Northern Colorado residential real-estate brokerage. In this dossier. Appears in Players as part of the broader business-relationship map. Category. [Entity]

The Kitchen Restaurant Group

Plain meaning. A restaurant operator with locations in Colorado. In this dossier. Mentioned in Centerra in the tenant-mix discussion. Category. [Entity]

The Revere Initiative

Plain meaning. A Colorado political organization referenced in TRACER data. In this dossier. Appears in Players / Money. Category. [Entity]

16. Geography & Properties

599 W 71st Street, Loveland

Plain meaning. A specific commercial property in Loveland, Colorado. In this dossier. The vacant warehouse at the center of Ord 6807; parcel 9626124001, schedule 1603780. Category. [Place]

2000 N Lincoln (Loveland)

Plain meaning. A Loveland street address. In this dossier. Referenced in Transcripts as a candidate / discussed alternate site. Category. [Place]

Centerra (development) / Centerra South

Plain meaning. A large mixed-use development on the east side of Loveland, anchored along I-25 and U.S. 34. “Centerra South” is a sub-area / phase. In this dossier. The geography of Chapter 06 and several entity / district references. Category. [Place]

I-25 / U.S. 34

Plain meaning. The interstate (I-25) and U.S. highway (U.S. 34) bordering the Centerra development. In this dossier. Geographic context for Centerra discussion. Category. [Place]

Larimer County

Plain meaning. The Colorado county containing Loveland and Fort Collins. In this dossier. The jurisdiction of the records pulled from Assessor / Recorder / Clerk. Category. [Place]

Larimer County District Court

Plain meaning. The Colorado state trial court for Larimer County. In this dossier. The likely forum for state-court filings discussed in Recall / Followup. Category. [Place]

Longview Subdivision

Plain meaning. A platted residential subdivision in the area. In this dossier. Appears in Documents in chain-of-title context. Category. [Place]

Parcel 504 (Centerra)

Plain meaning. A specific parcel within the Centerra development boundary, referenced by its internal number. In this dossier. Appears in Centerra / Documents. Category. [Place]

17. People (role tags only)

These entries identify roles, not character. Where a person is a public figure (elected, named in a public filing, named plaintiff), only their public role and the chapter in which their action is recorded are noted. The dossier asserts no personal criminal conduct.

Pat McFall

Plain meaning. Public official. In this dossier. Mayor of Loveland; defendant in Randall v. McFall (alleged First Amendment viewpoint discrimination during 17 February 2026 public comment). See Recall / Leadership. Category. [Person]

Troy Krenning

Plain meaning. Former elected official; attorney. In this dossier. The Loveland councilor who was the subject of the 2024-2025 recall; counsel for Gail Randall in Randall v. McFall. See Recall / Centerra. Category. [Person]

Sarah Rothberg

Plain meaning. Public official. In this dossier. Loveland councilor; recorded as lone dissent on R-10-2026 (17 February 2026). See Leadership / Rollcalls. Category. [Person]

Don Overcash, Earl Sethre, Dennis Dinsmore, John Fogle, Jennifer Swanty

Plain meaning. Public officials. In this dossier. Loveland councilors mentioned in connection with the “bloc-5” votes the dossier tracks. See Leadership / Rollcalls. Category. [Person]

Christina Light-Kovacs, Curt Wyrick, Andrea Samson, Geoff Frahm

Plain meaning. Public officials. In this dossier. Loveland councilors recorded in Rollcalls / Leadership. The “Light-Kovacs flip” shorthand refers to a recorded change of position on a tracked vote. Category. [Person]

Marge Klein

Plain meaning. Public figure referenced in recall records. In this dossier. Appears in Recall. Category. [Person]

Jim Thompson

Plain meaning. Public official / staff role. In this dossier. Referenced in Leadership / Transcripts. Category. [Person]

Brian Waldes

Plain meaning. City finance officer. In this dossier. Referenced as CFO in Leadership; relevant to budget / appropriation chronology. Category. [Person]

Mindy McCloughan

Plain meaning. Public figure referenced in Players. In this dossier. Appears in Players. Category. [Person]

Chad McWhinney / Troy McWhinney

Plain meaning. Private-sector principals of the McWhinney / Realberry corporate family. In this dossier. Named principals; referenced in Players / Centerra. Category. [Person]

Michael D. Schutte

Plain meaning. Private-sector officer. In this dossier. CEO / Managing Partner of Investors Associated LLP per CO SOS filings. See Players / CORA. Category. [Person]

Patrick F. Carroll

Plain meaning. Private-sector officer. In this dossier. President of Investors Associated LLP per CO SOS filings. See Players / CORA / Documents. Category. [Person]

Allen Schultz

Plain meaning. Private-sector officer. In this dossier. Manager of SPK Enterprises LLC per the recorded Statement of Authority. See Documents. Category. [Person]

J. Joshua Kopelman

Plain meaning. Private-sector officer or counter-party. In this dossier. Referenced in Players. Category. [Person]

Jeff Breidenbach

Plain meaning. District officer. In this dossier. President of the Centerra metropolitan district per public filings. See Players / Money / Centerra. Category. [Person]

Gary D. Young

Plain meaning. Public-records-named individual. In this dossier. Appears in Players. Category. [Person]

Gary Burke

Plain meaning. Public-records-named individual. In this dossier. Appears in Centerra. Category. [Person]

Gail Randall

Plain meaning. Ward 2 Loveland resident; named plaintiff. In this dossier. Plaintiff in Randall v. McFall; her 17 February 2026 public-comment remarks (cut off by the mayor) are the predicate fact. See Recall. Category. [Person]

Dave Mauro

Plain meaning. Nonprofit officer. In this dossier. Identified as Bridge House interim CEO during the relevant period. See CORA / Players. Category. [Person]

Melissa Green

Plain meaning. Nonprofit officer. In this dossier. Identified as Bridge House CEO. See Players. Category. [Person]

Geoff Fromm

Plain meaning. Public-records-named individual. In this dossier. Appears in Players. (Note: “Fromm” and “Frahm” appear as separately-spelled names across pages; the dossier preserves the spelling each source uses.) Category. [Person]

Chad Brent

Plain meaning. Public-records-named individual. In this dossier. Appears in Players. Category. [Person]

Colleen Krueger

Plain meaning. Public-records-named individual. In this dossier. Appears in CORA. Category. [Person]

End-notes

• What this glossary is. A reader’s bridge into the dossier’s vocabulary.
• What it is not. A summary of the dossier’s findings, a legal opinion, or an assertion of wrongdoing by any named person.
• If a term is missing. It either did not appear in the page scan that built this file, or its meaning is already obvious in context. Suggested additions can be appended in the same four-field format.
• If a definition is wrong. Statutory and procedural law evolves. Treat any definition here as a starting point, not a final word; for any legally consequential use, consult the cited primary source.